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Women In Bollywood Movies Film Studies Essay

Ladies In Bollywood Movies Film Studies Essay Bollywood Films are extremely interesting and an alternate style of film when contrasted with Hollywood. There are numerous things that are unique in Indian movies yet here the various perspectives of ladies in Bollywood will be investigated. Female jobs are a significant angle in the Indian film industry. Bollywood films are a significant reference to Indian culture. The ladies in Indian culture follow an icon that just does what satisfies their adored other and doesn't conflict with his requests. This is a custom that has been followed for a long time, to their ladies society for them to regard and do what the spouse needs. These may likewise adjust contingent upon nature in which they live in and it is found in some ongoing movies as the chiefs are attempting to show us the complexity of the cutting edge woman's rights as it comes into contact with conventional qualities. The movies impact the watchers to watch portions of their own lives. The two movies, Mother India and Kal Ho N a Ho will be additionally talked about which represents various perspectives towards ladies. In these movies you can likewise perceive how the executives have drawn out the jobs of every female entertainer dependent on how they saw different viewpoints throughout everyday life. It is an Indian custom that ladies should demonstrate extraordinary dedication to their significant other which is notable as Sakthi or Sati in short (reference). Just the individuals who live by these customary standards will pick up bliss yet as they attempt to resist these conventional standards they will be rebuffed need to confront the outcomes. These conventional standards have been followed since the tale of Raman and Sita as Sita loves and just does what the spouse advises her to. Sita is known as the symbol ladies that each lady ought to follow. The female job is a significant job in the Indian culture where the spouse should be dependant on the men and the individuals who arent are viewed as one that is looking for western life such and normally go with the name of Rosie or Mary (reference). Others generally take a gander at these sorts of ladies as the ones that would smoke, drink, go to gatherings and accepted to be effectively ready to get into associations with, which i s exceptionally cliché. Of courses, these ladies are continually rebuffed for such practices. Essentially Indian Films are a result of their way of life and how it is creating as the cutting edge society is dominating. Indian Films do contain scenes of sentiment in spite of the fact that it is uncommon where you would discover a kissing scene as contradict to progressively Hollywood or western motion pictures. This is on the grounds that open kissing in Britain is a code of control and in this way it is viewed as something that is applied with western life (reference). There is a sure degree to where these scenes may go to in their industry and as a rule to pass on their message to the watchers they start the sentiment scenes however would gradually end it off with taking it behind a hedge or with a fantastic grouping with music that would be appropriate for that sort of circumstance. There are particular sorts of melodies and instruments that are utilized for circumstance prefers these and those are what will fill in the clear for these scenes in Indian movies. In the film Mother India the perfect type of mother was the played by the female entertainer and after she got hitched she proceeded to live with her better half. She did everything as her better half wished and much after his passing she brought up her two children all alone even in the hardest occasions. These are the run of the mill qualities required in the Indian culture of a mother. At a point she couldn't take care of her youngsters and an elderly person said that on the off chance that she satisfies him, at that point he will give her food and still, after all that she denies as she finds different approaches to acquire cash. Here she is as yet dedicated to her better half having trust he will return which shows the affection and regard she appears as an Indian ladies, which as another worth found in the Indian culture. We can see that in numerous Indian film ladies are raised like this for a long time and it is their conventional standard for them to carry on in such a way. The earth wherein a lady is presented to is additionally a significant effect in transit they feel, think and carry on. Ladies that were brought up in a town in India would act all the more socially and plain with respect to a young lady that should have been presented to a urban domain. These ladies that live in a urban situation find that they have more opportunity in their Indian culture. This is on the grounds that in urban nations, for example, America, the points of view of womens jobs are seen uniquely in contrast to the Indian custom. At the point when these ladies go to live in a domain like that, they are required to do what other ladies there would do and receive to the cultural qualities seen there. Most ladies there accomplish more work outside like men; they would go to work, they drive, they deal with different business outside alongside the men. So as they move into a spot like that they would be to a great extent affected on how they feel and see the job they play fr om an alternate view. Ladies on occasion can likewise be treated as though they are in jail, suggesting that they have no opportunity and if they somehow happened to do as they wish they would be rebuffed for it. Executives that are related with the new movies are having a go at outlining the present of an altogether different picture of ladies. They are attempting to investigate their innovation, over a wide span of time singularity and network (reference). This can be unmistakably found in the film Kal Ho Na Ho where the film is set in America. The female entertainers in the film have a totally extraordinary job in contrast with the mother job in the film Mother India. The ladies in this film had an alternate mentality with more trust in their activities and discourse. They took on jobs of what just men were permitted to do as indicated by the Indian standards and even dressed in an unexpected way. Typically the female characters are considered wearing to be as in Mother India and increasingly secured attire since that is viewed as suitable, yet in progressively urban zones the general public is increasingly tolerant so they can wear garments as they wish. In the Indian culture customarily jeans and shirt was viewed as apparel for just men however these executives attempt to show us the distinction of how it is in present days which can be found in this film too. The styles of melodies that are given to female entertainers in the past were more town sort of films where the tunes were increasingly social with customary instruments being for the most part utilized. In the later movies that were taken, for example, in Kal Ho Na Ho the tunes are increasingly modernized with progressively various kinds of instruments used to build up that advanced feel. These instruments may change that including violin, piano, woodwind, etc. Westernized instruments have been given underlines on to make the diverse condition that the film is taken in. So the manner in which they act and present themselves is essential to the manner in which the music and melodies are passed on in the film also. A connection can be in the earth on Indian ladies. The issues that have affected the life of ladies in India are by and large profoundly analyzed and outlined through the movies by chiefs. The chiefs of the film are the makers of the story and give each character a job in the film. So essentially, it is the thing that the executives have seen and watched for the duration of their lives that they will advance in a film. The jobs of the female characters depend on their own assessment on how they see them since they were raised. Most of the chiefs are guys than females, which is the reason we can get an away from of how guys appoint the jobs for females even in the two movies that have been talked about in this exposition; Mother India by Mehboob Khan and Kal Ho Na Ho by Nikhil Advani. The chiefs have been attempting their best to show in their movies how a lady feels about their life, their encounters and issues that they run over from a womens viewpoint (reference). Of late there have been numerous female executives that have been en tering the Indian Film industry. A distinction can be found in films coordinated by females, as the perspective is taken from a greater amount of the womens side and it brings out alternate points of view of females. Numerous contentions have happened by ladies dependent on the pundits of the motion pictures taken by male executives, since they feel that the male chiefs despite everything base their films on male centric leanings (reference). Female chiefs attempt to abstain from putting together their motion pictures with respect to male centric inclining and express the abilities and estimations of ladies that are typically excluded. The female chief likewise needs to build up the hardship that they have experienced while complying with this hypothesis and the results of how the outcomes that prompts it. Albeit male executives do endeavor to show the past and the current jobs of females in their movies, anyway it is still to a base degree rather than the jobs given to men. This ca n likewise be found in certain melodies in the Bollywood films as the chiefs are attempting to give the female characters a progressively present day style of singing and acting, yet when watched can be seen that they still bashfully base it overall hypothesis of male centric leanings. A case of this would this is see females in tunes that rap which is uncommon however men would do those jobs. Be that as it may, as society advances at some point or another this will likewise be changed by the female executives alongside the couple of different things that are exceptional. Bollywood films have altogether different perspectives on ladies than you would find in Hollywood movies. There are numerous elements that effect and lead to the result of this including the convention that has been followed for a long time. Female appearance is shown in the Indian film industry dependent on a culture-explicit hypothesis (reference). Nature has additionally been an enormous effect on how females are on the planet and this has been investigated in the Indian film industry as the ongoing result of Indian film is social advancement. At long last it is has been seen that the perfect picture of the female job in the movies just up

Death and Redemption free essay sample

An investigation of Franz Kafkas book, Metamorphosis and the subject of death and conceivable recovery. This paper presents a definite gander at the way Kafkas Metamorphosis about a man who transforms into a bug speaks to the development toward death and the chance of recovery. Utilizing the story for instance, the essayist of this paper delineates the zones where the possibility of recovery are included. Generally on the planet when one has a brush with death they depict remembering others however not being perceived. This was additionally the situation in the story when Gregor the man was out of nowhere Gregor the bug(Kafka, 1990). He perceived his family yet from the outset they didn't remember him as something besides a messy bug. The development toward death is transformed as a stick his dad gets when his mom finds the bug in her essence assaults him. This development toward death is agonizing in fact and it is something that is endeavored more than once in the story. We will compose a custom paper test on Demise and Redemption or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page

HR practices in the Woolworths Group-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the HR rehearses in the Woolworths gathering. Answer: Presentation: Commitment is the idea which is utilized with regards to the drive which the representatives involvement as to their work. Commitment is the level to which the workers are enthusiastic with respect to their livelihood and the level to which they give themselves to it. Connected with representatives go the additional mile to give towards the achievement of their foundation. Commitment implies that the representatives work with fervor and are equipped for communicating in a physical, passionate and psychological way. In this way it is vital for the associations to guarantee that the representatives are dealt with and esteemed and they are given chances and offices which will assist them with remaining steadfast towards their foundation for quite a while outline. Significance of the idea of worker commitment and its quality in associations: Commitment is a urgent HR variable for a greater part of associations. It encourages the association in conveying a prevalent presentation and furthermore in increasing an upper hand. Drawn in workers put forth extra attempts, learn and know more and quicker and are significantly more inventive. Notwithstanding this they are the authoritative envoys. Worker commitment is outstanding amongst other indicator of consumer loyalty, faculty maintenance, efficiency just as benefit. Commitment levels in an association are liable for taking workers to the following degree of devotion towards their organization (Saks and Gruman 2014). Anyway it should be comprehended that the idea of representative commitment can be testing. This is on the grounds that plans for keeping workers connected with and upbeat can regularly blowback. This should be guaranteed while setting up a key arrangement for worker commitment (Kompaso and Sridevi 2010). Diagram of Woolworths: Woolworths is the biggest general store chain of Australia. It works in excess of 995 stores in the entirety of Australia. Woolworths is subject to their colleagues which surpass 115000 including those in the stores, circulation focuses and bolster workplaces (Mialon et al. 2016). These individuals are answerable for furnishing clients with more noteworthy help, range, worth and practicality. Woolworths values having worked with Australian producers and ranchers. This has been done to guarantee that top items are constantly available to all the clients. Above 95% of new products of the soil and 100% of new meat are sourced from Australian ranchers and cultivators. This is liable for making Woolworths as the most well known and reliable store chain (Price, Bailey and Pyman 2014). Being one of the most inventive retailers of Australia it is unmistakably comprehended by Woolworths that the shoppers are searching for fresher and less difficult manners by which they can shop. Shoppers can shop from the consolation of their PCs at home or on their approach to business in any kind of open vehicle of their decision. The market application of Woolworths makes it conceivable. Some goods are conveyed to the kitchen seat at a go. HR Strategy of the association: Woolworths is one of the most prestigious human asset associations in Australia. The association has a committed human asset division, with the assistance of a couple of significant just as huge ways to deal with HR. Creating and selecting ability, coordinating setting up with the necessities of business, holding and preparing just as cutting back have been the key ways to deal with HR which have been received by the association (Dos Santos, Svensson and Padin 2013). Assessment of the HR rehearses existent inside Woolworths: On a more profound comprehension and investigation of the human asset rehearses which have been embraced and actualized by the association it very well may be said that there are sure places where it misses the mark in the usage of the progressions and techniques. There are sure capacities which have not been embraced by the human asset group of the association. The recurrent technique which includes the drawn out adaptability and changes in the Human asset office isn't attempted by Woolworths. There are sure HR capacities which are redistributed by the organization and the techniques, for example, enrollment or finance organization are conceivable to be executed with the assistance of an outside provider (Arli et al. 2013). If there should arise an occurrence of Woolworths restricted the Human asset capacities are worked at the key and practical level. The specialists are associated with exercises of arranging and usage. The organization follows both the attribute hypothesis and the possibility hypothesis for their human asset the executives. The attribute hypothesis has its impediments as in the physical qualities of the pioneer are thought about. The possibility hypothesis can be viewed as generally proper in this specific see as this hypothesis helps in practicing command over the representatives by every single imaginable activity. Current condition of representative commitment: Woolworths attempts to ensure that they enlist the correct sort of individuals. Woolworths attempts to improve just as survey the capacity of the line directors in dealing with their representatives. It is additionally observed that the association offers significance to the assortment of consistent input from the workers with the goal that they can deal with their own vocation and profession development. The most significant point to be noted in such manner is that the organization consistently offers inclination to the ability of the representatives. This specific retail association consistently drives proactively the ability versatility among the workers of Woolworths and along these lines their efficiency can be improved by the expansion of the inspirational degree of the representatives (Dos Santos, Svensson and Padin 2014). Plan for the activities to be taken: After appropriately breaking down the in general human asset the executives arranged components of Woolworths restricted, an underlying venture plan is given by the HR supervisory crew of the association so as to guarantee that the common vital managing states of the association is changed. There should be an appropriate examination of the considerable number of variables to guarantee the progressions which are thought of can be actualized appropriately. Generally it tends to be said that the pace of representative withdrawal has been seen as less for this specific association. It is seen that the association is confronting difficulties from the HR point of view and the expense of the redundancies is a colossal issue which may be an issue in the specific circumstance. One of the most critical issues for the HR is to continue dealing with the staff spirit and limit the environment of dread and vulnerability that ascents when the activity shelter of the workers is compromised. It is alluring that HR office assumes a key job in the decrease of the vulnerability including the minimisation of the quantity of staff cuts and furthermore keeping their staff individuals educated regarding their capability to acquire a proceeding with job in the business with a purchaser or other redistribution alternatives. Drawn in workers will undoubtedly contribute additional time towards the advancement of their association and accomplishment of authoritative goals, to add to a definitive business achievement. Notwithstanding being increasingly invigorated unflinching and reliable the drew in laborers are commonly better entertainers and produce unrivaled outcomes for both the client just as the partnership (Albrech 2011). The first and most significant piece of the arrangement can be guaranteeing that the association has a rousing authority plan. Skillful enthusiastic and hands-o pioneers are essential to the wonder of representative commitment. Enquiring about the day by day status of their work and giving them how the working environment circumstance can be improved by gatherings and fascinating conversations is the key towards keeping them connected with (Wang and Hsieh 2013). Another approach to guarantee the commitment of workers is to give chances to their development. No worker under any circumstance should get a handle on left or underutilized. There can be visit conversations with the workers in regards to their vocation plans and furthermore the most ideal usage of their qualities and energies (Anitha 2014). There should be important work for all representatives at all phases of their work life. There additionally should be prizes and acknowledgment for their better execution. The festivals can be little yet should be important so as to leave an enduring impact on the psyches of the workers. The individuals need to thought about the focal point of significance in the association. Activities which help representatives to adjust their life and work effectively should be given significance in the association. Representatives should be urged to take part in difficult work and offset it with mingling and fun exercises (Alfes et al. 2013). End: It has consistently been the long standing point of the Woolworths gathering to offer significance to their clients with respect to their items and administrations which they give. It is time in this way for the organization, to give critical significance to its representatives as workers are the foundation of any association. Along these lines for a gigantic and colossally celebrated market chain like Woolworths, the significance of representatives ought not be subverted at all at all. As representatives have the force and the ability to make the association arrive at enormous statures. References: Alfes, K., Shantz, A.D., Truss, C. furthermore, Soane, E.C., 2013. The connection between saw human asset the executives practices, commitment and worker conduct: a directed intercession model.The global diary of human asset management,24(2), pp.330-351. Andrew, O.C. what's more, Sofian, S., 2012. Singular factors and work results of representative engagement.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,40, pp.498-508. Anitha, J., 2014. Determinants of worker commitment and their effect on representative performance.International diary of efficiency and execution management,63(3), p.30

What Are Some Good Topics For A Argumentative Essay?

What Are Some Good Topics For A Argumentative Essay?What are some good topics for an argumentative essay? The question should raise a few eyebrows, as it's not every day that students get to write an argumentative essay.To answer the question, there are lots of good topics to argue about. There are many subjects that are not quite settled, so students are free to tackle them in this manner. It is not unusual for an argumentative essay to make a factual claim, but there are plenty of other ways to do so as well.Writing an argumentative essay does require skill and thought. That is why the essays on this topic will often come from writing workshops. If you have not taken such a workshop, be prepared to do a lot of preparation before hand, and ask for the help of the instructor.Writing a final draft is crucial to being able to argue effectively. You need to write in clear and concise terms, and use the proper citation of sources. Even a simple error in either or both of these areas can easily cause a conclusion to fall apart. In fact, every error can and will damage your argument, even if you believe you are correct at the time.The first step in editing your final draft is to prepare the materials that you will use for your edit. This can be in the form of notes, a note pad, or a white board. By using all of these resources at once, you will be able to keep your mind organized. You may also want to look at your essay, just to get your head around the content, to see if it makes sense.After you have gone through your essay with your mind, you should edit your finaldraft thoroughly. You may want to start by using the white board, and make sure that you have marked every important point clearly, and that all of the points make sense together.Sometimes, you may find that your final draft is not very well organized. If this is the case, you should work on the organization of your paper. It can often be more effective to work on the arrangement of your paper for a while , before working on the actual argument.So, the next time you're asked what are some good topics for an argumentative essay, you will have a few answers. When you write it, be sure to put some thought into it, as it is going to take quite a bit of time.

Important Data About Electoral College - Free Essay Example

The Electoral College Introduction The US Electoral College is an electoral system, which in line with the American people elects the President and the Vice President. The system has existed since the drafting of the constitution during the 18th century. There are 538 members in the Electoral College, and cast their votes after every four years. This electoral system is multi-stage where the presidential winner must secure majority of the electoral vote and more than 50 percent of the popular vote (BBC). Membership to the electoral vote guarantees one power to appoint a presidential candidate. The primary aim of the Electoral College is to represent the majorityrs votes on the best candidate for White House. The Electoral College State members of democrat and Republican parties are responsible for electing the college members after every four years. According to Harper (2), the population size of each state will determine the number of members. Therefore, states like California, Florida, and Texas have more electoral members than others states. Washington DC is not a state and as such, three members represent Washington as a state in the Electoral College to make it more transparent (Belenky 6). On the other hand, 55 electoral members represent California because they are the most populous. Unlike the Congress, the Electoral College ensures that a state has more say similar to its population size. Their staters party members select electoral members. If a state has more Republicans, then most of their popular votes will be republican and a similar case for the Democrats (Neale 8). This has been one of the target areas for most American presidents; they target the most popular states, for them to win both the popular and electoral votes. Presidency is awarded to the candidate with more than half of the electoral votes. A good example is President Obama who had sixty-one percent of the electoral votes. President Trump achieved more than half of the votes but had less popular votes than his counterpart. The electoral vote is more dominant than the popular vote, which explains its criticism. However, some people have criticized the system since it has no accurate representation of the American population (Belenky 6). Technically, the Electoral College voids the link between the popular vote and the presidency. Drafting the Electoral System The founding fathers drafted the Electoral College for two main reasons; first was to prevent the public from directly electing the president. The second was to create a system that allowed more power for less popular states (Neale 8). The original drafters of the Electoral College feared that the tyrant candidates to secure their way into power through public manipulation. The Electoral College ensured that the presidential seat is in the hands of intellect Americans who understand the constitution and the presidency. The less popular states would have less impact on the election process. It allowed the less popular votes to have a significant effect on electing the president (BBC). Notably, less popular states had little consideration as important regions in the electoral process. Today, a presidential candidate must conduct rigorous campaigns in most states to secure his seat in the Oval Office. The popular vote would give power to people oriented towards specific regions. This would create unfairness, and some states could be disadvantaged (Neale 9). The founding fathers drafted the Electoral College to fix the errors in the electoral process. Mechanism The Electoral College was a positive impact on the American people. The system might have flaws, but the effect it has on electing the right candidate is significant. The Electoral College brings a fair representation of the majority population (BBC). As mentioned earlier, the system helps to eliminate the manipulation of the public by tyrant candidates. Notably, the electors are select groups who understand the election process and can evaluate whether a candidate viable for the Whitehouse (Belenky 15). The less populous States have a significant impact in the electoral process, if it was not there, the most populous would have a tremendous impact on the election compared to states. With the Electoral College, the US election can focus on two primary candidates and eliminate the multiparty system (McGee 18). Additionally, there is little chance the US can go for a runoff election. The US electoral process is unique and has proved its effectiveness over the past years. Conclusion Years ago, a group of liberal minds came up had a similar idea of drafting the Electoral College and minimize control of the popular vote. The system has proved itself over the years and Americans have always elected the right candidate after the election. Today, the system may seem useless and against democracy but in the real sense, it is not an enemy. An absolute public vote could make the presidency more vulnerable and make the road to presidency much easier. Unless someone proposes a better electoral system, the current system will remain the best for the American people.

Stonewall Riots Sparked The Gay Revolution By David Carter

Sexual acts between members of the same sex were specifically illegal, and cops would bait homosexuals to see if they were interested in such acts. Professionals who were found to be homosexuals lost their licenses. Homosexuality was a diagnosable psychiatric illness. A consensual homosexual act could get even life imprisonment, and a risk of castration. The book I choose to review is Stonewall: The riots that sparked the gay revolution by David Carter. It was published by St. Martin’s Press, with a copyright date of 2004. I bought the book at Half-price Books for $6.99 My book’s topic was the Stonewall riots in New York. The Stonewall riots were a series of impulsive, violent protests by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn, located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. They are widely considered to have established the single most significant ev ent leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for gay rights in the United States. Very few places welcomed openly gay people in the 1950s and 1960s. Those that did were often bars. The Stonewall Inn was owned by the Mafia. It catered to a mixture of patrons and was known to be popular among the poorest and most ostracized people in the gay community. Police routinely raided the gay bars in the 1960s, but police quickly lost control of the situation at the Stonewall Inn. They attracted aShow MoreRelatedHistorical Impact of The Stonewall Riots in Stonewall Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesHistorian David Carter, provides an intriguing in-depth look into the historical impact of the Stonewall Riots in Stonewall: The Riots that Sparked the Gay Revolution. This engaging book adds to the genre of sexual orientation discrimination. Carter extensively analyzes the various factors that played a role in igniting the Stonewall riots and the historical impact that the riots had on the Gay Revolution and movement for gay equality. Through the use of interviews, newspapers, and maps, Carter arguesRead MoreThe Stonewall Riots Of 19692040 Words   |  9 PagesYork City Stonewall Riots of 1969, concerning their influence on the rise of the modern gay rights movement, specifically regarding political emergence, social unity, and demographic shifts. The investigation will attempt to answer the following question: To what extent were the Stonewall Riots of 1969 a catalyst for the LGBT social movement in America? Two sources, â€Å"Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth† by Elizabeth A. Armstrong and Suzanna M. Crage, and Stonewall: the Riots That SparkedRead MoreStonewall : The Riots That Sparked The Gay Revolution1428 Words   |  6 PagesWhen you think of gay rights, you probably think of parades and rainbows. The 21st century LGBT movement has become known for its message of equality for all, and other human liberties such as same-sex marriage. This progress has been very important, and has been fought for over 40 years with a lot of blood sweat and tears. But often this fight is overlooked, or dismissed as being unimportant. Gay marriage was just legalized on a national level in June 26 2015. This means that gay people have beenRead MoreCounterculture Movement Essay1438 Words   |  6 Pagesturbulent time in history where the â€Å"baby-boomer† generation decided that they were not happy with what was going on around them, and decided to rebel from the tra ditional beliefs held by the older generations. Let It Be, Strawberry Fields Forever, Revolution, and many other songs by the British rock band, The Beatles, helped shape the counterculture movement. Many songs by The Beatles supported the ideas of rebellion, freedom and drug use. The Beatles were the most popular musical group in the 1960sRead MoreGay Marriage: Moral or Immoral?2203 Words   |  9 PagesRUNNING HEAD: GAY MARRIAGE 1 Gay Marriage Moral or Immoral? William Hadley SOC 1120: Intro. to Ethics and Social Responsibility Christine Villasenor July 11, 2011 Ashford University GAY MARRIAGE 2 Marriage has been an important institution throughout the centuries. In the United States, most adults are marriedRead MoreHomosexuality and University Press5666 Words   |  23 Pagesmales or between females. Gay refers to self-identification with such practices and desires, like homosexual, both terms mostly used only for men. Lesbian is its female counterpart. Such definitions have run into major problems, and nowadays the concept â€Å"queer† is used to indicate the fluency of sexual practices and gender performances. Sociological context Since the 1970s, homosexuality has become the topic of an interdisciplinary specialization variously called gay and lesbian, queer or LGBTRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesCommunity in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape

The Diversity Strategies Of The U.s. Department Of...

The target of this research is to explore the diversity strategies of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) with the objective of supporting its efficacy. Accordingly, this paper organizes this exploration into three correlating sections, the first of which introduces an overview of the Office of Diversity and Inclusion (ODI) within the VA. In addition, this area summarizes the ODI installation of the VA diversity plan. This leads to the second exploration section, which outlines specific focus areas of the VA diversity plan as defined in the Standard University Publication: Best Practices for Managing Organizational Diversity (2007). The third and final segment offers a concluding synopsis along with recommendations for†¦show more content†¦Keywords: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’, Office of Diversity and Inclusion, National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics, Pew Research Center, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Office of Per sonnel Management U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ Diversity Plan Analysis At present, the diverse composition of the United States Veteran population is disproportionate to that of the total United States populace composition. To be sure, in an examination of one aspect of diversity (race and ethnicity), the contrasting data is compelling. According to the Pew Research Center (PRC), the percentage of racially diverse population in the United States is 36% and is on an upward trajectory. In fact, by the year 2065, our U.S. population will no longer have a dominant racial or ethnic group (2015). On the contrary, according to the National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics (NCVAS), the current percentage of racially diverse veterans is approximately 20% and will eventually reach 36%, though not until after 2040 (2010). As such, if proactive measures are not immediately put into action to address this latency, veteran diversity will not achieve parity as it’s significantly lagging behind the racially diverse levels of the nation (refer to Appendices â€Å"C† and â€Å"D† respectively, for PRC and NCVAS

Racial Profiling Against Minorities Police Enforcement

Racial profiling against minorities Police enforcement targeting minorities based on the color of their skin and not by evidence of unlawful doing is racial profiling. Today, racial profiling among law enforcement has become a controversial topic throughout the nation. A recent event in Ferguson, Missouri, Michael Brown, an unarmed black teen, was shot and killed by a white police officer. The shooting caused major racial tension among the black community and mistrust in police. Michael’s death has lead to weeks of protest in which the officers responded with tear gas and rubber bullets and curfews for citizens. It’s wrong to target an individual due to the color of their skin, however, racial profiling is a procedure used by law enforcement regularly. This study focuses on racial profiling, how race and ethnicity play a major role in police stops and how it’s caused a major distrust in police. The studies expose racial profiling being used on racial minority groups in traffic stops, tasers use, based on assumptions that may be false. Higgins et al.’s (2012) evaluated traffic stop data and theories’ to identify if race had an influence on who was being searched. Researchers expect that Blacks will be searched more than Whites and the theory will make a connection between race and searches. The Louisiana police department conducted the study through the use of scantrons. Officers who made traffic stops in the year 2002 completed the forms that were reviewed by supervisorsShow MoreRelatedEssay On Racial Profiling1514 Words   |  7 PagesRacial profiling is a very important issue that individuals in society face every day. This problem occurs in low income or poverty-stricken areas throughout cities and communities across the nation. Hundreds of anecdotal testimonials allege that law enforcement officials at all levels of government are infringing upon the constitutional rights and civil liberties of racial and ethnic minorities through a practice called â€Å"racial profiling (Ward, 2002). So what i s racial profiling? According to theRead MoreRacial Profiling by Police Must Stop Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pagesof 1963. At the same time Birmingham Police Commissioner Bull Connor used powerful fire hoses and vicious police attack dogs against nonviolent black civil rights activists. Although these years proved to be the highlight and downfall of civil rights in America, even with the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act being passed, time has repeated these tumultuous events again in the present. 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The results of this study confirm prior studies which suggested citizen demeanor [disrespect] toward police greatly increases the probability of arrest. According to Regoeczi and Kent (2014), research â€Å"examines the influence of extra-legal factors† (p. 191); regarding police decisions

The Prince Essay - 1200 Words

â€Å"All the states, all the dominions, under whose authority men have lived in the past and live now have been and are either republics or principalities.† In Machiavelli’s, The Prince, timeless keys to a successful principality are examined. The keys are understanding human nature, respecting that nature, and reaffirming that successful leadership can exist in the same fashion yesterday, today, and tomorrow. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Machiavelli’s perspective of human nature is founded on the principle that people in general don’t want their culture changed by an outside influence. Machiavelli demonstrates in the book that the nature of people is to defend who they are. When â€Å"the prince† attempts to change their culture in†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Only through an understanding of the nature of his subjects, having an ability to control his subjects, and possessing the means to defend his subjects can â€Å"the prince† truly find the universal key to open the door to upholding the ideals of practical leadership. When a prince understands the nature of the people it is easier for him to enter the land. Machiavelli writes of the Romans and how they developed their empire, â€Å"the Aetolians once brought the Romans into Greece; and in every other country they invaded, the Romans were brought in by the inhabitants.† Because the Romans understood human nature their movement into power was unchallenged. Once in power it is essential for the prince to be able to control the people. â€Å"I say that a prince must want to have a reputation for compassion rather than cruelty: none the less, he must be careful that he does not make bad use of compassion.† When Machiavelli wrote this he was outlining the key to controlling the people. The prince needs to be able to keep the people united, and loyal to him and at the same time ensure respect for the laws by instilling a fear for punishment. One of Machiavelli’s most used examples of a successful prince is Cesare Borgia. It is essential to be feared not hated and in the case of Borgia his minister Remirro de Orco punished law breakers in a cruel fashion that led to people hating Borgia. To create a feelingShow MoreRelatedThe Prince Of Machiavelli s Prince1186 Words   |  5 Pagesleader that wields his power the most like Niccolo Machiavelli’s Prince, from his book The Prince, that leader is President Vladimir Putin of the Russian Federation. 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ThroughoutRead More The prince Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pages Niccolo Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† attempts to explain the necessary tactics and required knowledge a ruler must attain in order to gain and maintain a successful reign. The novel serves as an abstract manual, addressing the definition of a good/bad ruler by placing emphasis on the required military organization, the character a ruler must posses, and the success that could be attained if a ruler should follow the guide. The scope in which the book is written is that of a scholarly observant. MachiavelliRead MoreThe Prince, By Machiavelli1517 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Prince, Machiavelli doesn’t hesitate to recommend that a ruler employ conventionally immoral methods against his own subjects to m aintain authority over them, but he does imply that whatever a ruler does should ultimately benefit the community. A Prince’s actions may be cruel, manipulative, or otherwise immoral, but they put him in the position to govern. On occasion, Machiavelli even suggests that gaining power through immoral acts is the best way to improve a community because immoralityRead More Prince Hamlet Versus Machiavellis Prince Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesPrince Hamlet Versus Machiavellis Prince  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         The Prince is a celebrated and highly controversial piece of work by the Italian aristocrat Niccolo Machiavelli. His work is a summation of all the qualities a prince must have in order to remain in his position. Machiavelli supports the idea that a prince use his power for the ultimate benefit of all, but he also does not condemn the use of any unpleasant means in order for the prince to maintain his power. His ideas both compare and contrastRead More The Prince Essay1043 Words   |  5 Pages The Prince nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Governing countries and states properly has been a difficult task from the beginning of time. In every country there will be people to who are unhappy and will disagree with your rule, causing your system to fail. So, century after century, people have tried new ways to make their politics suffice everyone’s needs. However, the art of politics is a complicated and challenging issue that will always be needed to be dealt with. There have been many ways inRead MoreMachiavelli And The Apology Of The Prince1718 Words   |  7 Pages Machiavelli writes The Prince centuries after Plato documents Socrates in Crito and The Apology. Despite the different time periods, both Machiavelli and Socrates experience times of turmoil where the concept of democracy was questioned. However, the different time periods cause the views and purposes of Machiavelli’s writing to largely differ from Socrates. Machiavelli writes in a time of turmoil where Italy was a bunch of small, fragmented states and when the Medici’s struggled to regainRead MoreThe Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli885 Words   |  4 Pageslived. He was leader of the Catholic Church, controlled his own territory, and had more influence than any prince of any of the other city-states in Italy. Machiavelli was suspected of being an enemy of Medici and was thrown into prison until he was able to prove his innocence. These were the circumstances which inspired him to write The Prince. In The Prince by Niccolo Machiaveli, the prince in which it was so aptly named, securities were entirely dependent on his reputation among his citizens.Read MoreThe Prince Machiavelli Analysis1490 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout The Prince, Machiavelli advocates for the use of force to achieve the Prince’s goals. However, these acts are justified because they are done to benefit the state. Moreover, Machiavelli’s political philosophy repetitively stresses the fact that the Prince should not act in a way as to cause hatred. In this, constant cruelty is inappropriate and unjustifiable because it provokes contempt towards the ruler. In The Prince, Machiavelli discerns that good acts of cruelties â€Å"are carried outRead MoreNiccolo Machiavellis The Prince810 Words   |  3 Pages Niccolo Machiavelli’s most famous book, The Prince, contains the most valid information for a prince, a president, and even a king, to keep hold of their own power. Machiavelli tells about the importance and power of political action, his opinions, and most of all philosophy at it’s finest. Throughout the twenty-six chapters of this book he describes the bold, brave, practical, and powerful prince and how the prince’s life should be lived. Machiavelli’s view of human nature is used as justification

Macbeth and Oedipus Essay Example For Students

Macbeth and Oedipus Essay Macbeth visualized himself as a forceful, powerful ruler who begins the trilogy in absolute control of the situation. As the story progresses, however, Macbeths power and pride are broken down because he made it his destiny. As for Oedipus, he was a pitiful man who has been crushed by the avenging gods and fate. He seems to be a wiser, soberer man, rising majestically above his misfortunes. When Oedipus the king begins, Oedipus exhibits wisdom, love for his children and his subjects, and a reputation for high moral standards. He has a passion for truth, and shows ourage in the face of disaster or conflict. These same noble qualities, however, also lead to his inevitable tragic downfall. His wisdom becomes self-righteousness, and he refuses to see that he s married his own mother. Macbeth, with a distinct character than Oedipus, possessed his impure wisdom from Lady Macbeth. He had no love for his friends and his reputation as thane was degrading. Much like Oedipus, his character lead to his inevitable tragic downfall. The one trait of Oedipus that doesn t change in the course of the play is his strength and courage in the face of disaster. As the net of guilt tightens on him with each revelation about the truth, Oedipus grew stubborn in finding closure to the prophecy. When Macbeth found out about his prophecy, he deliberately seek his position as thane in an immoral way. Every step Oedipus takes to solve the mystery of Laios murder brings him closer to self-exposure, yet he never hesitates to pursue that truth. When the last piece of the puzzle falls into place, Oedipus the detective has become Oedipus the criminal. But his courage and strength help him endure the pain and suffering that come with knowledge of hat he has done. Oedipus search for the truth leads him to the discovery that he isn t a child of Luck, but a man of misfortune. His fate was determined years before his birth, as proven by the prophecy of the oracles. All he can do is live out his destiny, but he does this with such dignity and heroism that he shows there is nobility even in suffering and despair. Oedipus can be assume as a notable man for blinding himself and Macbeth was known as a taint villain. Oedipus has shown what it means to endure in the face of certain defeat. He has shown what it takes to survive in world that is ruled by unpredictable fate. He has shown the true meaning of suffering and despair. He earns my respect and sympathy when he chooses to live rather than die, and make his life an example to others of how guilt and pride may lead to self knowledge. Macbeth messed with his own destiny by holding an untrue position as thane. The impression he left was a cynical man with no dignity as a human. His tragic death was cause by his eager schemes and redundant murder scenes. His death was inevitable and if the story wasn t going to end his life with tragedy, I would have wish them to do so.

Economic Crisis On HRM Practices In Organizations Of Tesco PLC - UK

Question: Critically assess the impact of the 2008 global financial and economic crisis on HRM practices in organizations. The assignment question reflects some core themes addressed during the ABP HRM module. The aim of the assignment is to encourage students to combine theoretical and practical aspects of HRM by referring to organization case study examples when assessing the core themes in the HRM academic literature. In particular, students are expected to engage in critical analysis of relevant HRM academic literature, from sources recommended below, in the module outline, at the end of lecture slides, or sources derived from their own wider reading. It is not enough to rely on lecture notes or non-academic internet sources. Students that can show evidence of critical thinking and engagement with academic literature, and illustrate this with practical real world examples, are more likely to achieve favourable grades.In 2008, the most serious financial and economic crisis to hit the global economy since the Great Depression began in the US and spread rapidly to Europe. Many economies are still experi encing negative or declining growth rates and economic restructuring, as well as unemployment and austerity (ILO, 2014). While various studies have explored the impact of financial and economic crisis at the macro and micro level - examining issues such as firm growth and survivability, financing, market investment, and organisational strategy - less attention has been given to the human resource management (HRM) and employment relations implications of the global economic downturn, how this has affected organisations, HR management in organisations, the employment conditions and living standards of workers, and so forth. Select a Case- one that you can access relevant HRM information about (for example, one you have worked for, an organisation familiar to family/friends, or that you have been able to find detailed information about in journal articles, books, newspapers, internet). In completing the assignment question, you are expected to address the following issues: 1. Broad political economy context: start by providing a general summary of the overall impact of the 2008 financial and economic crisis on HRM practices, jobs, work and employment in the country or countries where your chosen case organization operates; 2. Impact on strategy in your chosen case organization: then, assess the impact of the 2008 financial and economic crisis on the case organizations overall business strategy and then its overall HRM strategy. 3. Impact on HRM policies and practices: next, analyse the effects of the 2008 financial and economic crisis on the various specific components of HRM policy and practice in the case organization under the four main HR functions covered in the module: resourcing the organization, human resource development (HRD), employment relations, managing performance and reward. The list of HRM policies and practices that might be assessed under these four areas include: talent management, recruitment and selection, organizational culture , training and development, employee voice and participation rights, pay and reward, performance management and appraisal (these might have other labels). 4. Context: Another theme to be discussed in your assignment is how different organizational, sector/industry, country, and international contextual circumstances might influence and mediate the impact of the 2008 financial and economic crisis on your chosen case organization. 5. Finally, provide a conclusion summarizing your arguments, and, if appropriate, identify any practical recommendations relating to HRM practice. Answer: Introduction The global financial and economic crisis exhibited its first indication in the late 2007 and it made significant and dramatic impact on the economic stability and overall socio-economical environment of United Kingdom (Ren, 2011). So in order to avoid the financial losses and the efficiently maintain their business operations, the organizations were forced to cut their expenses to the lowest level possible. Thus, the business functions like Human Resource Management (HRM) also faced new challenges in the context of the ways in which it should prioritize their day to day activities taking into consideration the uncertainty that has been created by the economic environment. Thus on the basis of the above aspects, the report emphasizes upon analyzing the impact of 2008 global financial and economic crisis on the HRM practices of Tesco PLC which is British multinational general merchandiser and grocery retailer headquartered at Hretfordshire in England in UK (Tesco plc, 2010). The report in the initial section provides a broad political economy context, analyzes the impact of the crisis on the strategies of Tesco, provides an impact of crisis on the HRM policies and practices of Tesco and the ways in which Tesco emphasized upon mediating the impact of 2008 financial crisis. The final section of the report is the conclusion part that summarizes the findings and also provides recommendations for HRM practices during crisis situations. 1. Broad Political Economy Context Analyzing the impact of the 2008 global financial and economic crisis, it is observed that it made a significant impact on the UK economy. The businesses in UK struggled to stay afloat and the economy continued to move in the wrong direction irrespective of the governments effort to spur economic growth. By the end of the year 2009, the economy shrunk by 4.9% from the pre-recession level and in the 3rd quarter of 2009, the economy of UK experienced a negative growth of 0.2% in comparison to 0.6% fall that was experienced in the previous quarter (Bohrer, 2010). Moreover the crisis also led to large fall in the retail sales and the businesses that has already been hit by falling sales and profitability also faced problems in securing the support from the banks to continue their trading. This led to the closure of several well known brands where others either went of business or had to close their outlets and this led to significant rise in the level of unemployment. This can be illust rated with the help of figures like when the economy was hit by the crisis, the unemployment rate was 5.6% (1.6 million) and by the end of the year 2009, it rose to 8.5% (2.5 million) and by the end of the year 2011 almost 2.7 million were unemployed (Bosworth, 2008). Thus fall in the retail sales coupled with unemployment rise led to falling tax revenue for the government and this led to a significant fall in the GDP of UK i.e. fall of 1.5%. Moreover, the 2008 global financial and economic crisis also forced UK to make adjustments in its labor market which resulted in high levels of unemployment and falling level of wages. The demand for labor force declined and the business organizations like Tesco in order to reduce expenditures and save cash adopted flexible working practices like part time employment. Again with increasing unemployment level, the HRM practices were developed to reduce the salary levels and the average monthly wages experienced a decline by 6 to 8% (Cashfloat, 2015). The wage growth also slowed down and this was because the crisis constrained the bonuses the average decrease in the salary by the end of the year 2009 was 5%. Thus from the above discussions, it is inferred that the global financial and economic crisis significantly impact the entire world and UK was no exception. Almost all the sectors of the economy experienced a hit. This led to falling GDP, rising unemployment and difficulties on the part of the organizations to conduct trade as a result of which the organizations like Tesco made changes in their HRM practices and focused upon part time employment, reduced salary, low intake, less expenditure on training and development and practices like downsizing were also adopted. 2. Impact of 2008 Global Financial and Economic Crisis on Tescos Strategies Impact on Tescos Overall Business Strategy As a result of the 2008 global financial and economic crisis, Tesco PLC experienced a downfall in its sales and it was mainly due to the high level of unemployment and reduced purchasing power of the individuals. The sales growth of Tesco almost halved since it also lost customers to the competitors like Lidl and Ladi that are budget retailers. The main reason was that during the recession period, the customers became highly price sensitive and were eager to save than to sound. Thus by the end of the year 2008, the value of sales that Tesco generated through its UK store operations experienced a mere annual growth of 2% which was considered as the worst figure in the last 15 years (Vriesendorp and Gramatikov, 2011). Tescos declining sales was clear from the fact that it got 1 for every 8 spent on the High Street where it used to get 2 for every 8 spent on the High Street. Tesco also experienced a loss of around 22 million and this was because of the customers who switched to its budg et competitors like the Morrisons, Asda and Aldi. In response to the global financial and economic crisis and declining sales volume, Tesco emphasized upon adopting certain business strategies. The company realized the fact that due to the crisis, the customers have become high price sensitive and thus the company in order to attract the customers moving to budget retailers launched 400 cheaper and value products in order to present itself as a discounter brand in the retail market (Mail Online, 2008). The company in response to the price sensitivity aspects of the customers reduced the price of its in-house brands. The company also worked with its major suppliers in order to refine its product range and drive the volume with lower and stable prices. The company also started the price cuts campaign on its popular brands in order to tempt the shoppers back to the store. On the other hand the dropped its plan of opening new stores and also took the decision of closing around 43 existing stores in UK and these closures made a significant impact on the express format of the retailer. In addition, Tesco also emphasized upon maintaining tight control over its capital expenditure. Impact on the Overall HRM Strategy of Tesco Global financial and economic crisis made a cataclysmic effect on the HRM strategy of Tesco and it also affected the viability of the long prevalent employment models (Ordo nez de Pablos, 2015). The company as a result of the crisis emphasized upon relocating its transactional HR processes to the low cost countries and the company shifted the focus of the HRM strategy from delivering the routine transaction HR functions to a department that can take proactive actions in the context of aspects like efficiently managing the problem of recruitment, managing the teams and human capital in the process of downsizing by holding special meetings, motivating the employees, facilitating them with challenging assignments and opportunities, providing a detailed explanation of the importance of their existence in the jobs, initiating the change like low price campaigns by efficiently identifying the key people and identifying the achievers and rewarding them together with performing the tasks of stress management and return on recognition during the recession period. Moreover, during the period of crisis, the company made some specific alterations in its objectives like offering cheaper and valuable products to the customers, attracting the customers from the competitors and so the company mainly emphasized upon its HRM department to enter into a perfect alignment with the companys altered objectives arising due to the crisis management planning and implementation. Again, due to the closure of several stores, Tesco also practiced downsizing of its employees that facilitated it in reducing the human capital (Ordo nez de Pablos, 2015). However in this context, the HRM of the company emphasized upon making an optimum utilization of the existing talent and skills and the employs were made to feel valued that kept them motivated to perform better and dedicated towards the organization and this led the organization to recover efficiently from the crisis situation. 3. Impact of 2008 Global Financial and Economic Crisis on HRM Policies and Practices Due to the global financial and economic crisis that took place in the year 2008, it was observed that the HR departments of the organizations like Tesco Plc had to strive towards renewing their strategies. It was also observed that the before the period of crisis, the HR departments used to play the major role of ensuring the recruitment process, selection process, payments of salary and managing the training and motivation programs. However, with the development of the global financial and economic crisis led the HRM department to perform more active functions of the company (Valentine, 2009). The HRM department worked in close collaboration with the managers in the process of finding ways in which the labor expenses can be reduced and the HR managers were also asked to develop new and cost efficient training and motivation programs. The HR department also undertook the tasks of labor forecasting. Where before the crisis, the business used to estimate the employees to be hired on t he basis of the market situation and after crisis, the forecasting was practiced to gain an understanding of what is going on both outside and inside the company and this facilitated the company to remain prepared for future differing scenarios. Recruitment Before the crisis, the business organizations like Tesco had to experience some hard times in finding the required skilled, knowledgeable and experienced talent and thus the company maintained a rigorous and tough recruitment and selection process. So, for this reason the wages of the employees also used to grow on year to year basis. However due to crisis, severe downsizing took place in UK and in almost all the sectors and thus the people were forced to accept work whatever they could find so that they can secure their livelihoods. Thus there developed a shift in the balance of power from the employees to the employers. Thus Tesco enjoyed the favorable position to choose applicants from wide labor pool and it was also in a better control of salary level. Then also finding the right candidate was not an easy task and this was mainly due to the perception of the HR managers the laid off employees during the recession do not possess the required skills (DesJardine et al., 2010). Thus recruitment process of Tesco was kept rigorous and tough mainly because of the change in the policy that the company would recruit only the deserving candidate that can add value to company and in this case also bargained high on the salaries due to crisis. On the other hand emphasis was upon hiring the experienced individuals so that training and development expenses can be saved. Selection Due to high level of unemployment, the talent pool has increased and so it led to certain changes in the hiring policies and practices of Tesco. The company mainly emphasized upon recruiting and hiring the qualified specialists from the market (Yu et al., 2014). The recruitment process itself experienced a change like the company reduced the use of outside recruitment companies and thus it led to the fact that the company hardly recruited during the crisis. On the other hand Tesco in order to select the best talent also made cooperation with the universities to select the best performers and help them in their education but in this process also the candidates have to undergo several interview phases coupled with the psychological, language, aptitude and personality tests. The tests were performed to ensure that the candidate exactly match the company requirements. Thus it can be said that due to the crisis, the selection policy and the practice of Tesco became tougher, the company became more selective and they started demanding and selecting exactly what they needed. Talent Management The crisis forced to the development of the situation where the employees have to work more and earn less and have to face difficulties like the reduced benefits and bonuses. In this context, the HRM department of Tesco emphasized upon reducing and cutting down the bonus and benefits that were offered prior to crisis. The salary levels were also reduced, almost by 10% but tend to increase with increased workload. Moreover, Tesco was also aware of the fact that employees are aware of the situation i.e. they are in a situation where people are losing jobs and so if in this situation if Tesco can assure its employees of job security with reduced benefits, bonus and pay, the employees would be willing to work and the company did the same (Zagelmeyer and Gollan, 2012). However the company also emphasized upon offering some of the benefits like the parking lot, lunch benefits, small events and celebrating the birth day of the employees which made the employees feel that the company even during the crisis situation is taking care of them and this enhanced the level of motivation to perform better and remain committed because they knew that the things would change in the future after recession is over. Training and Development Tesco in response to the crisis, emphasized upon shifting from the utilizing the external training programs to internal programs conducted by the company itself and it mainly emphasized upon on the job training. It also eliminated the extra programs like the motivational training and only the basis level training was conducted so that they can learn the basic skills required to perform efficiently (Keeble-Ramsay and Armitage, 2015). However, Tesco in order to remain competitive emphasized upon the development of the capabilities of its employees. Thus the company mainly emphasized upon language skills training and retraining its employees for different specialties and leaders were facilitated with extensive training to enhance their marketing, selling and communication capabilities. Organizational culture Tesco in response to crisis that took place did not make many alternations in its organizational culture and it still used to value its employees. However, since the company was going through the crisis situation, it was clear that there were no room for faults and wastage and mistakes and thus the employees were closely supervised and decision were taken by the top leaders and the employees had to follow the instructions (Frank, 2012). Thus it can be said that the company emphasized upon adopting an effective mix of the role and people culture during the crisis situation. Employee Voice and Participation Due to the crisis situation, Tesco adopted an effective mix of the power and people culture and in this context where in some cases the employees feedback and responses were taken into consideration, their work were closely supervised to avoid mistakes and losses and most of the important decisions were taken by the top leaders. Their voice and participation within the organization was limited and they had top strictly follow the instruction. Pay, Reward, Performance Management and Appraisal The performance management and appraisal system of Tesco was not altered and it was conducted on yearly basis. The salaries were reduced and the benefits and bonuses were declined, however some basic benefits were provided to the employees (Razavi, 2009). Moreover the performance appraisal was conducted to provide and receive feedbacks on the performance of the employees and salary negotiation was declined from the appraisal process. 4. Context It was observed that while one hand Tesco was suffering global financial and economic crisis in the year 2008 by low level expenditure on the part of the customers, the company was also facing tough competition from the budget stores like Lidl and Aldi and this was mainly because of the fact that the customers have become highly price and were not willing to spend much on the high priced items (the Guardian, 2008). So with the frozen food specialists like Iceland, two discounters powered ahead of Tesco PLC in the UK grocery sector. The sale volume of Aldi increased by 20.7% and thus the company achieved a record share of the grocery market of 2.9% (The Independent, 2008). On the other hand the sale of Aldi increased by 12.8%, it moved well ahead of Tesco. Thus from the above discussions, it becomes clear that the economic circumstances in UK played to be a favorable factor for the discounters and the budget retailers since they proved to be appealing to the price sensitive customers. Conclusion and Recommendations Thus from the above discussions, it can be inferred that the global financial and economic crisis that took place in the year 2008 made a significant impact on almost all the business sectors across the globe and thus Tesco Plc also got affected due to high level of unemployment and reduced purchasing power of the customers. As a result of the losing business and declining sale volume, Tesco had to make certain significant changes in its business strategies like closing some of its stores and postponing its investment plans to reduce expenditure and save. It also made significant changes in its HRM strategies, policies and practices to reduce the expenditures. From the discussions it is observed that Tesco made its recruitment and selection tougher, avoided third party recruitment, made cooperation with the universities to select the best candidate, declined outside training and emphasized upon in house and basic training programs, bonus and benefits were reduced and effective mix of power and people culture was adopted. Recommendations The company during the recession period should try to refrain from downsizing practices. However in this context the company can motivate the employees by facilitating them with challenging tasks and targets and opportunities since it would motivate the employees to perform because of their urge to sustain their employment to lead their livelihood and it would also increase the performance and commitment of the employees. The business organizations during the crisis situation should respond by investing more on the training and development of the employees which would improve the quality of its employees and their skills which would have a significant impact on the financial results of the company. References Bohrer, A. (2010). The Financial Crisis Impact.SSRN Electronic Journal. Bosworth, B. (2008). Impact of the Financial Crisis on Long-Term Growth.SSRN Electronic Journal. Cashfloat. (2015).Cashfloat Payday loans - The Financial Crisis Impact on the UK. [online] Available at: https://www.cashfloat.co.uk [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. DesJardine, M., Bansal, P. and Yang, Y. (2010). The Value of Sustainability Practices in Building Organizational Resilience during the Global Financial Crisis. SSRN Electronic Journal. Frank, A. (2012). Global Crisis and Transformation. Development and Change, 14(3), pp.323-346. Keeble-Ramsay, D. and Armitage, A. (2015). HRD challenges faced in the post-global financial crisis period insights from the UK. Euro J of Training and Dev, 39(2), pp.86-103. Mail Online. (2008).Home | Daily Mail Online: Recession hits Tesco: Grocery giant's sales fall to lowest figure in 16 years as shoppers turn to budget rivals Read more: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1091079/Recession-hits-Tesco-Grocery-giants-sales-fall-lowest-figure-16-years-shoppers-turn-budget-supermarkets.html#ixzz4EUrriH4L Follow us: @MailOnline on Twitter | DailyMail on Facebook. [online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. Ordo nez de Pablos, P. (2015). Knowledge management for competitive advantage during economic crisis. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference. Razavi, S. (2009). From Global Economic Crisis to the Other Crisis. Development, 52(3), pp.323-328. Ren, B. (2011). Financial Crisis and the Cyclical Changes of Financial Supervision.International Journal of Financial Research, 2(2). Tesco plc. (2010). Tesco PLC: Buisness and its Operations. [online] Available at: https://www.tescoplc.com [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. the Guardian. (2008). Tesco posts worst figures in 16 years. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/nov/30/tesco-retail-supermarkets-business-recession [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. The Independent. (2008). Lidl and Aldi see sales soar amid economic downturn. [online] Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/lidl-and-aldi-see-sales-soar-amid-economic-downturn-853614.html [Accessed 19 Aug. 2016]. Valentine, T. (2009). Alternative Policy Responses to the Global Financial Crisis. Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 28(3), pp.264-269. Vriesendorp, R. and Gramatikov, M. (2011). Impact of the Financial Crisis.SSRN Electronic Journal. Yu, K., Lee, Y. and Yang, J. (2014). Human Resource Cuts During Financial Crisis: Deinstitutionalization of Cost-Cutting Practices. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2014(1), pp.12351-12351. Zagelmeyer, S. and Gollan, P. (2012). Exploring terra incognita: preliminary reflections on the impact of the global financial crisis upon human resource management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(16), pp.3287-3294.

Value and Price Essay Example

Value and Price Essay There  are  four  major  attributes  of  a  commodity  i. e. ,  an  item  or  service  produced  for,  and  sold  on  the  market  has   four  major  attributes. They  are:   †¢ a  value   †¢ a  use? value  (or  utility)   †¢ an  exchange  value   †¢ a  price  (it  could  be  an  actual  selling  price  or  an  imputed  ideal  price) VALUE In   simple   words,   value   refers   to   the   importance   of   a   thing   or   utility   of   a   commodity. But   in   economics   the   term   â€Å"value†Ã‚  has  a  quite  different  meaning. According  to  the  famous  economist,  Adam  Smith,  the  word  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Value†Ã‚  can  be   used  in  two  meanings:  Ã‚   i. Value  in  Use  and   ii. Value  in  Exchange. 1) Value  in  use:  Value  in  use  is  also  called  Utility  or  a  want  satisfying  power  of  a  commodity. For  example,   water  satisfies  our  thirst. The  quality  of  water  is  the  value? in? use  of  water. Since  water  is  not  scarce,  it  is   free  good,  hence  not  studied  in  economics. 2) Value  in  Exchange:  Value  in  Exchange  means  purchasing  power  of  goods. It  is  the  power  of  a  good  to   secure  other  goods  in  exchange. It  is  the  value  of  a  commodity  in  exchange  of  the  other  commodity. For   example,  if  3  kgs. f  wheat  can  be  obtained  in  exchange  of  1  kg. of  rice,  the  exchange  value  of  1  kg  of   rice  is  equal  to  3  kgs. of  wheat  or  the   value  of  3  kgs. of  wheat  is  equal  to  1  kg. of  rice. OBSERVATION:   In   economics,   the   term   â€Å"value†Ã‚   is   used   for   the   value   of   exchange. It   is   the   amount   of   goods   and   services  that  can  be  secured  in  exchange  for  a  particular  commodity. In   the   words   of   Prof. Tausslg. â€Å"The   value   of   a   commodity   means   in   Economics,   its   power   of   securing   other   commodities  in  exchange. We will write a custom essay sample on Value and Price specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Value and Price specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Value and Price specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In  the  words  of  Anatol  Murad,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The  value  of  a  goods  is  its  purchasing  power. †Ã‚   The  number  of  units  of  something  obtained  in  return  for  1  unit  of  a  commodity  can  be  the  value  of  that  commodity. If  2  kgs. of  potatoes  can  be  obtained  in  return  for  1  kg. of  wheat,  the  value  of  1  kg. of  wheat  will  be  equal  to  2  kgs. of   potatoes. If  a  commodity  does  not  have  any  power  to  secure  other  commodities  in  exchange,  it  has  no  value. Prof. Belly   is   right   to   observe   that   a   commodity   does   not   have   any   value   by   itself. Its   value   is   represented   only   through  some  other  commodity. Attributes  of  Value   To  a  layman,  value  may  have  the  same  meaning  as  utility  but  in  economics  the  two  are  quite  different. In  economics,   a  commodity  has  a  value  when  the  following  attributes  are  found  in  it:   1) Utility:  A  commodity  has  value  only  when  it  has  a  utility  or  power  to  satisfy  our  wants. If  a  commodity  has   no  utility,  no  other  commodity  or  service  will  be  secured  in  exchange  for  it. 2) Scarcity:   A   commodity   has   a   value   only   when   it   has   an   attribute   of   scarcity   along   with   utility   (i. e. ,   scarce   besides   being   useful). A   commodity   is   scarce   when   its   demand   exceeds   its   supply. Air,   water,   sunlight   do   have  their  utility,  but  these  are  not  scarce. Their  supply  exceeds  their  demand. Therefore,  the  do  not  have   any  value. 3) Transferability:   A   commodity   has   a   value   only   when   by   transferring   it,   some   other   commodity   can   be   secured  in  exchange. Transferability  refers  to  changing  the  ownership  of  a  commodity,  or  securing  another   commodity  in  exchange  for  it. Thus,  by  virtue  of  transferability,  the  good  which  was  once  yours  may  now  be   owned  by  another  man. Thus,  for  a  good  to  have  value,  besides  possessing  utility,  it  should  also  be  scarce  and  transferable. Unless  all  these   three  attributes  are  present  in  a  good,  it  cannot  have  value. For  example,  air  has  utility  but  since  it  is  not  scarce  or   transferable,  it  has  no  value. Since  rotten  eggs  are  scarce  and  transferable  but  posses  no  utility,  they  also  don’t  have   value. A  car,  since  it  possesses  utility  and  is  scarce  as  well  as  transferable,  has  value. PRICE In  the  modern  age,  we  do  not  secure  goods  in  exchange  for  other  goods. We  do  n

Argumentative Essay Topics For Election Season

Argumentative Essay Topics For Election SeasonEach and every year I attend the Festschrift Education forum in Germany, it is almost impossible to find a student who has not already heard their most recent topic. But for the lucky few, I have to disappoint them by only presenting some of the current topics for argumentative essay topics.This year I had a lot of options of topic for my essay, and I really could have chosen to not spend any time thinking about what topic to write next. It was a nice change to explore the possibilities for new topics for argumentative essay topics, but after the discussion with my class I realized that for me there were only two options available: discussing issues surrounding current events, or discussing some perennial philosophical issues. For my country's upcoming elections I went with the former topic, as I believed it would be easier to get a broader range of students interested in it than the latter one.As far as political analysis goes, I really found some problems in the current information provided to us about the upcoming elections. On one hand, many politicians had denied that their party was going to change the way the government works, even though polls showed that voters are very concerned with this subject. And on the other hand, there were many politicians that spoke about the upcoming elections as a guarantee for the success of the country.This lack of information seemed to make the students extremely excited about the topic of election and debated some interesting topics and finally came up with their own ideas. One of the students thought that there should be some sort of power grid regulation for our electricity companies, another said that he thought that it would be good to have a centralized database of people who are doing business in the country, and so on. After some discussions I decided to choose the topic of political analysis by discussing the ideas presented.My objective during the discussion was to reach out to the students that I had known that could think deeply about the topic of political analysis. Some of them seemed more worried about the safety of the country's electricity and did not really feel like discussing it, but others were very interested in the subject and considered the topic interesting.After the discussion I read a student an example of a direct action campaign or a campaign against nuclear plants, and they almost fell off their seats from surprise. The fact that such subjects, such as these, are discussed at all during political classes seems to give all students a great feeling about their country and our future.In order to reach all of the students, I decided to reach out to the ones who wanted to discuss election issues, and spent the whole period reading out loud from a book of questions and topics for argumentative essay topics. I think this worked because it had a greater impact on them and they were able to communicate with the class in a different way than they have in the past.Discussing election issues and finding solutions for them will always be a part of the argumentative essay topics for next year. And I am sure that there will be many debates and discussions.

DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS Essays - Ensanche Libertad, Free Essays

DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS Essays - Ensanche Libertad, Free Essays DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS Indique en que consisten las siguientes estrategias de inversion seguidas por este fondo, cuales fueron sus resultados y si esta de acuerdo con alguna de ellas, mencionando sus razones: Inversion en acciones de empresas pequenas ( Size effect ): Consistia en comprar acciones en empresas pequenas con poco interes en el mercado que no perteneces al indice de Standard and Poor's 500 (SP 500). La principal idea era mantener acciones con un costo menor y esperar a que estas crecieran, tomando siempre en cuenta de que los costos de transaccion por comprar muchas acciones pequenas no afectara a las ganancias que el fondo pudiera generar. Estas empresas tienen mayor riesgo, que es lo mismo que tener mayores betas, y entre mas alta sea la beta el rendimiento sera mayor. Ademas en algunos estudios se comenta que tener inversiones en acciones mas pequenas han presentado mejores rendimientos que los que se presentan invirtiendo en acciones mas grandes, aunque las pequenas son mas sensibles a las grandes caidas, y se espera que asi continue. Tambien es importante tener en cuenta que cuando se invierte en un tipo de activo con menor liquidez requiere una mayor tasa libre de riesgo o mayor premio, lo que hace que la tasa de rendimiento total ajustada sea mucho mas atractiva en el futuro en comparacion de la que se espera en el caso de las acciones de empresas mas grandes. Desde nuestro punto de vista creemos que la estrategia de DFA de invertir en acciones de empresas pequenas tiene argumentos importantes y relevantes que hacen mucho mas atractivo invertir en acciones de empresas pequenas que en acciones de empresas mas grandes, lo unico que habria que tomar en cuenta seria que los costos de transaccion no superaran el beneficio adicional que este tipo de inversiones representa. Valor en libros vs Valor de mercado ( Value and growth ): Las acciones de alto valor en el mercado favorecidas por la estrategia se conocieron en la literatura academica como acciones de "valor", mientras que las acciones bajas de valor contable del patrimonio con el valor contable del patrimonio neto (BE/ME) que DFA evito se convirtieron en acciones de "crecimiento" tambien llamadas como acciones de "glamour". DFA prefirio a las acciones con el apodo de " crecimiento", como la idea de que los valores bajos de BE/ME tuvieron un desempeno pobre debido a que estos fueron sobrevalorados y " glamorized " no encajaba con sus ideas de mercado eficiente. DFA argumento que las acciones de valor superan a las acciones de crecimiento,por la unica razon de que cualquier activo siempre supera en un mercado racional y eficiente porque son mas riesgosas. Los autores argumentaron que el buen desempeno de las acciones de valor podria simplemente ser casualidad o podria haber sido debido a los problemas con los datos utilizados por los investigadores academicos. Primero Fama Y French encontraron un efecto de libro a mercado: las acciones de valor superaron a las acciones de crecimiento durante los primeros anos, asi como tambien al periodo mas reciente, mas tarde Fama Y French analizaron algunos datos y encontraron una vez mas que el efecto de libro a mercado fue robusto. Las existencias de libros de alto valor en el mercado se han reducido en practicamente en todos los paises estudiados. Basandose en estos descubrimientos, DFA amplio su oferta de productos introduciendo fondos internacionales de valor, asi como habia introducido fondos internacionales de pequenas acciones en anos anteriores. Para terminar, Fama Y French encontraron otro hecho intrigante: cuando las acciones de valor tuvieron un buen ano en relacion con las acciones de crecimiento en el pais, lo mismo ocurrio en muchos otros paises. este alto nivel de correlacion entre las carteras de crecimiento de valor se ve como una buena noticia para los teoricos del mercado eficiente y una mala noticia para aquellos que esperan vencer a los mercados. Fama y French tambien descubrieron que mientras que el "valor" hizo bien en promedio, en ciertos anos las carteras de valor fueron superadas por las carteras de crecimiento a traves de una alta gama de paises. Este descubrimiento fue consistente con la idea de invertir en acciones de valor realmente era riesgoso,

Holophrases in Language Acquisition

Holophrases in Language Acquisition A holophrase is a single word (such as OK) that is used to express a complete, meaningful thought. In studies of  language acquisition, the term holophrase refers more specifically to  an utterance produced by a child in which a single word expresses the type of meaning typically conveyed in adult speech by an entire sentence. Adjective: holophrastic. Rowe and Levine note that some holophrases are utterances that are more than one word, but are perceived by children as one word: I love you, thank you, Jingle Bells, there it is (A Concise Introduction to Linguistics, 2015). Holophrases in Language Acquisition [A]round six months children begin babbling and eventually imitating the linguistic sounds they hear in the immediate environment. . . . By the end of the first year, the first true words emerge (mama, dada, etc.). In the 1960s, the psycholinguist Martin Braine (1963, 1971) noticed that these single words gradually embodied the communicative functions of entire phrases: e.g. the childs word dada could mean Where is daddy? I want daddy, etc. according to situation. He called them holophrastic, or one-word, utterances. In situations of normal upbringing, holophrases reveal that a vast amount of neuro-physiological and conceptual development has taken place in the child by the end of the first year of life. During the holophrastic stage, in fact, children can name objects, express actions or the desire to carry out actions, and transmit emotional states rather effectively. (M. Danesi, Second Language Teaching. Springer, 2003) Many of childrens early  holophrases are  relatively idiosyncratic and their uses can change and evolve over time in a somewhat unstable manner. . . . In addition, however, some of childrens holophrases are a bit more conventional and stable. . . . In English, most beginning language learners acquire a number of so-called relational words such as more, gone, up, down, on, and off, presumably because adults use these words in salient ways to talk about salient events (Bloom, Tinker, and Margulis, 1993; McCune, 1992). Many of these words are verb particles in adult English, so the child at some point must learn to talk about the same events with phrasal verbs such as pick up, get down, put on, and take off. (Michael Tomasello,  Constructing a Language: A Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition. Harvard University Press, 2003) Problems and Qualifications The problem of the holophrase [is] that we have no clear evidence that the child intends more than he can express at the one-word stage. (J. De Villiers and P. De Villiers, Language Acquisition. Harvard University Press, 1979)The single word in conjunction with the gestures and facial expressions is the equivalent of the whole sentence. By this account, the single word is not a holophrase, but one element in a complex of communications that includes nonverbal actions. (M. Cole et al., The Development of Children. Macmillan, 2004) Holophrases in Adult Language Holophrases are  of course a significant factor in modern adult language, for example, in idioms. But by and large, these have historical compositional origins (including by and large). In any specific example, words came first, then the composition, then the holophrase . . .. (Jerry R. Hobbs, The Origin and Evolution of Language: A Plausible Strong-AI Account.)

Grid connected solar electronics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Grid connected solar electronics - Essay Example Most of energy on earth that sustains life is the energy from the sun, which is sunlight. It is through this energy that photosynthesis occurs, that is food for the plants. The plant is after its maturity food for the human beings mostly and some animals that are not carnivorous (Chitode, 50). We have very many electronics at home all that use power and most of them cannot operate without power except for those which can store power for some time to be used when there is no power. It is therefore very important to ensure that those electronics are safe, not from thugs but from too much power fluctuation that can shot circuit them (Chitode, 208). The power system is therefore can be controlled so as to avoid such damages. The electricians use what we call circuit breakers. This controls the amount of power that can be used and when it exceeds the power goes off. This way the electronics will not be at risk (Chitode, 40). A power factor correction can also be installed, since it the connection between the running power and the actual amount of power being used, the power factor correction will show whether there is too much power being used and therefore correct it. It minimizes the chances of power fluctuation. Green building is therefore as it is being encouraged, using as less energy as possible. This is where solar energy comes in (Chitode, 50). A source of power that is natural and free. The only thing one needs is solar panels that are used to convert sunlight energy into electricity power. The solar panel contains the solar cells and solar photovoltaic. The solar cells and the solar photovoltaic convert sunlight energy into electricity energy for usage since one cannot use it directly. The energy is renewable, and that is the most advantageous use of it (Chitode, 96). There are very many types of materials that contain the solar photovoltaic found in the solar cells. This makes it even cheaper and can almost be